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SALA, ENRIC

Adjunct Professor

Degrees:

• B.S., University of Barcelona.
• Ph.D., University of Aix-Marseille

Research Interests:

• Marine conservation
• Ecology of coastal ecosystems
• Food webs
• Restoration ecology

Honors and Awards:

• Young Global Leader, World Economic Forum, Davos, 2008
• Blue Ocean Institute Award, 2008
• Emerging Explorer, National Geographic Society, 2007
• Prince of Asturias Award for Communications and Humanities (with National Geographic Society), 2006
• Pew Fellow in Marine Conservation, 2006
• Aldo Leopold Leadership Fellow, 2005

Aburto-Oropeza, O., E. Ezcurra, G. Danemann, V. Valdez, J. Murray, E. Sala. 2008. Mangroves in the Gulf of California increase fishery yields. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the U.S.A. 105: 10456 - 10459

Sandin, S.A., J.E. Smith, E.E. DeMartini, E.A. Dinsdale, S.D. Donner, A.M. Friedlander, T. Konotchick, M. Malay, J.E. Maragos, D. Obura, O. Pantos, G. Paulay, M. Richie, F. Rohwer, R.E. Schroeder, S. Walsh, J.B.C. Jackson, N. Knowlton, E. Sala. 2008. Baselines and degradation of coral reefs in the northern Line Islands. PLoS ONE 3: e1548

Dinsdale, E.A., O. Pantos, S. Smriga, R.A. Edwards, F. Angly, D. Hall, E. Brown, M. Haynes, L. Krause, E. Sala, S.A. Sandin, R. Vega Thurber, B.L. Willis, F. Azam, N. Knowlton & F. Rohwer. 2008. Microbial ecology of four coral atolls in the Northern Line Islands. PLoS ONE 3: e1548

Wielgus J., F. Ballantyne, E. Sala and L.R. Gerber. 2008. Assessing the ecological and economic benefits of a no-take marine reserve. Ecological Economics 67: 32-40

DeMartini, E.E., A.M. Friedlander, S.A. Sandin & E. Sala. 2008. Differences in fish-assemblage structure between fished and unfished atolls in the northern Line Islands, central Pacific. Marine Ecology Progress Series 365: 199-215

Maragos J., J. Miller, J. Gove, E.E. DeMartini, A.M. Friedlander, S. Godwin, C. Musburger, M. Timmers, R. Tsuda, P. Vroom, E. Flint, E. Lundblad, J. Weiss, P. Ayotte, E. Sala, S. Sandin, S. McTee, T. Wass, D. Siciliano, R. Brainard, D. Obura, S. Ferguson and B. Mundy. 2008. US Coral Reefs in the Line and Phoenix Islands, Central Pacific Ocean. 1: History, Geology, Oceanography, and Biology. Pages 595-641 in: B.M. Riegl and R.E. Dodge (eds.), Coral Reefs of the USA, Springer

Maragos J., A.M. Friedlander, S. Godwin, C. Musburger, R. Tsuda, E. Flint, O. Pantos, P. Ayotte, E. Sala, S. Sandin, S. McTee, D. Siciliano and D. Obura. 2008. US Coral Reefs in the Line and Phoenix Islands , Central Pacific Ocean : Status, Threats and Significance. Pages 643-654 in: B.M. Riegl and R.E. Dodge (eds.), Coral Reefs of the USA, Springer

Hereu, B., M. Zabala & E. Sala. 2008. Multiple controls of community structure in a Mediterranean sublittoral community. Ecology 89: 3423-3435

Wielgus J., F. Ballantyne, E. Sala and L.R. Gerber. 2008. Estimating population parameters for marine species with ontogenetic shifts and variable environments. Conservation Biology (in press)

Guidetti, P. & E. Sala. 2007. Community-wide effects of marine reserves in the Mediterranean Sea. Marine Ecology Progress Series 335: 43-56

Worm, B. E.B. Barbier, N. Beaumont, J.E. Duffy, C. Folke, B.S. Halpern, J.B.C. Jackson, H.K. Lotze, F. Micheli, S.R. Palumbi, E. Sala, K.A. Selkoe, J.J. Stachowicz, R. Watson. 2007. Biodiversiy loss in the ocean: How bad is it? Science 316: 1281-1284

Worm, B. E.B. Barbier, N. Beaumont, J.E. Duffy, C. Folke, B.S. Halpern, J.B.C. Jackson, H.K. Lotze, F. Micheli, S.R. Palumbi, E. Sala, K.A. Selkoe, J.J. Stachowicz, R. Watson. 2007. Response to Comments on "Impacts of Biodiversity Loss on Ocean Ecosystem Services". Science 316: 1285d

Wielgus J., F. Ballantyne, E. Sala, and L.R. Gerber. 2007. Viability analysis of reef fish populations based on limited demographic information. Conservation Biology 21: 447-454

Starr, R., E. Sala. E. Ballesteros & M. Zabala. 2007. Spatial dynamics of the Nassau grouper (Epinephelus striatus) in a Caribbean atoll. Marine Ecology Progress Series 343: 239-249

Aburto-Oropeza, O., E. Sala, G. Paredes, A. Mendoza & E. Ballesteros. 2007. Predictability of reef fish recruitment in a highly variable nursery habitat. Ecology 88: 2220-2228

Gerber, J.R., Wielgus, J. & E. Sala. 2007. A decision framework for the adaptive management of an exploited species with implications for marine reserves. Conservation Biology 21: 1594-1602

Smith, J.E., M. Shaw, R.A. Edwards, D. Obura, O. Pantos, E. Sala, S.A. Sandin, S. Smriga & F. Rohwer. 2006. Indirect effects of algae on coral: algae-mediated, microbe-induced coral mortality. Ecology Letters 9: 835-845

Hereu, B., D. Diaz, J. Pasqual, M. Zabala & E. Sala. 2006. Temporal patterns of spawning of the dusky grouper, Epinephelus marginatus, in relation to environmental factors. Marine Ecology Progress Series 325: 187-194

Sala, E. & N. Knowlton. 2006. Global marine biodiversity trends. Annual Review of Environment and Resources 31: 93-122

Sala, E. 2006. Top predators provide insurance against climate change. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 21: 479-480

Newman, M.J., G. Paredes, E. Sala & J.B.C. Jackson. 2006. Biomass structure of Caribbean coral reef ecosystems across a large fishing gradient. Ecology Letters 9: 1216-1227

Worm, B. E.B. Barbier, N. Beaumont, J.E. Duffy, C. Folke, B.S. Halpern, J.B.C. Jackson, H.K. Lotze, F. Micheli, S.R. Palumbi, E. Sala, K.A. Selkoe, J.J. Stachowicz, R. Watson. 2006. Effects of biodiversity loss on ocean ecosystem services. Science 314: 787-790

Hereu, B., M. Zabala, C. Linares & E. Sala. 2005. The effects of predator abundance and habitat structural complexity on survival of juvenile sea urchins. Marine Biology 146: 293-299

Pandolfi, J., J. B. C. Jackson, N. Baron, R. H. Bradbury, H. M. Guzman, T. P. Hughes, C. V. Kappel, F. Micheli, J. C. Ogden, H. P. Possingham, E. Sala. 2005. Are US coral reefs on the slippery slope to slime? Science 307: 1725-1726

Sala, E. & G. Sugihara . 2005. Food web theory provides guidelines for marine conservation. In: A. Belgrano , U. Scharler, J. Dunne & B. Ulanowicz (eds.), Aquatic Food Webs: An Ecosystem Approach. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 170-183

Bascompte, J., C. Melian & E. Sala. 2005. Interaction strength combinations and the overfishing of marine food webs. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States 102: 5443-5447

DiBacco, C., L. Levin & E. Sala. 2005. Connectivity in marine systems. Chapter 7 In: K. Crooks (ed.), Ecological Connectivity, Academic Press, San Diego

Steneck, R.S. & E. Sala . 2005. Large marine carnivores: Trophic cascades and top-down controls in coastal ecosystems past and present. Chapter 7 in: J.C. Ray, K.H. Redford, R.S. Steneck & J. Berger (eds.), Conserving predation: Relationships between large carnivorous animals and biodiversity. Island Press, Washington D.C.

Gerber, L., S.S. Heppell, F. Ballantyne, M. Westphal & E. Sala. 2005. The role of dispersal and demography in determining the efficacy of marine reserves. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 62: 863-871

Jackson, J.B.C, J.C. Ogden, J. Pandolfi, N. Baron, R. H. Bradbury, H. M. Guzman, T. P. Hughes, C. V. Kappel, F. Micheli, H. P. Possingham, E. Sala. 2005. Reassessing U.S. coral reefs. Science 308: 1740 - 1743

McClanahan, T.R., E. Sala, P. J. Mumby & S. Jones. 2004. Phosphorus and nitrogen enrichment do not enhance brown frondose "macroalgae". Marine Pollution Bulletin 48: 196-199

Sala, E., O. Aburto-Oropeza, G. Paredes, M. Reza & L. Lopez-Lemus. 2004. Fishing down coastal food webs in the Gulf of California. Fisheries 29: 19-25

Hereu, B., M. Zabala, C. Linares & E. Sala. 2004. Temporal and spatial variability in settlement of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck) in the NW Mediterranean. Marine Biology 144:1011-1018

Sala, E. 2004. The past and present topology and structure of Mediterranean subtidal rocky shore food webs. Ecosystems 7: 333-340

Kaufman, L., J.B.C. Jackson, E. Sala, P. Chisholm, E. Gomez, C. Peterson, R. Salm & G. Llewellyn. 2004. Restoring and Maintaining Marine Ecosystem Function. Pages 165-181 in: Glover, L.K. & S.A. Earle (eds.), Defying ocean’s end: An agenda for action. Island Press, Washington D.C.

Kinlan, B.P., M.H. Graham, E. Sala & P.K. Dayton. 2003. Arrested development of giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera, Phaeophyceae) embryonic sporophytes: a mechanism for delayed recruitment in perennial kelps. Journal of Phycology 39: 47-57

Sala, E., O. Aburto, G. Paredes, I. Parra, J.C. Barrera & P.K. Dayton. 2003. Modeling marine protected areas - Response. Science 301: 47-49

Pandolfi, M., R.H. Bradbury, E. Sala, T.P. Hughes, K.A. Bjorndal, R.G. Cooke, D. McArdle, L. McClenachan, M.J. Newman, G. Paredes, R.R. Warner, J.B.C. Jackson. 2003. Global trajectories of the long-term decline of coral reef ecosystems. Science 301: 955-958.

Sala, E., O. Aburto, G. Paredes & G. Thompson. 2003. Spawning aggregations and reproductive behavior of reef fishes in the Gulf of California. Bulletin of Marine Science 72: 103-121

McClanahan, T.R., E. Sala, P. Stickels, B.A. Cokos, A. Baker, C.J. Starger & S. Jones. 2003. Interaction between nutrients and herbivory in controlling algal communities and coral condition on Glover's Reef, Belize. Marine Ecology Progress Series 261: 135-147

Pandolfi, M., R.H. Bradbury, E. Sala, T.P. Hughes, K.A. Bjorndal, R.G. Cooke, D. McArdle, L. McClenachan, M.J. Newman, G. Paredes, R.R. Warner, J.B.C. Jackson. 2003. Causes of coral reef degradation - Response. Science 302: 1502-1504

Sala, E. & M.H. Graham. 2002. Community-wide distribution of predator-prey interaction strength in kelp forests. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 99: 3678-3683.

Sala, E. 2002. Marine biology in the 21st century: do we need to look at the past? Trends in Ecology and Evolution 17: 59-60

McClanahan, T.R., B. Cokos & E. Sala. 2002. Algal growth and species composition under experimental control of herbivory, phosphorous and coral abundance in Glovers Reef, Belize. Marine Pollution Bulletin 44: 441-451

Sala, E., O. Aburto, G. Paredes, I. Parra, J.C. Barrera & P.K. Dayton. 2002. A general model for designing networks of marine reserves. Science 298: 1991-1993

McClanahan, T.R., M. McField, M. Huitric, K. Bergman, E. Sala, M. Nyström, I. Nordemer, T. Elfwing & N.A. Muthiga. 2001. Responses of algae, corals and fish to the reduction of erect algae in fished and unfished patch reefs of Glovers Reef Atoll, Belize. Coral Reefs 19: 367-379

Dayton, P.K. & E. Sala. 2001. Natural history: the sense of wonder, creativity and progress in ecology. In: A Marine Science Odissey into the 21st Century, J.M. Gili, J.L. Pretus & T.T. Packard (eds.) Scientia Marina 65(Suppl. 2): 201-208

Jackson, J.B.C. & E. Sala. 2001. Unnatural oceans. In: A Marine Science Odissey into the 21st Century, J.M. Gili, J.L. Pretus & T.T. Packard (eds.) Scientia Marina 65(Suppl. 2): 275-283

Sala, E., E. Ballesteros & R.M. Starr. 2001. Rapid decline of Nassau grouper spawning aggregations in Belize: fishery management and conservation needs. Fisheries 26: 23-30

Aburto-Oropeza, O., E. Sala & C. Sánchez-Ortiz. 2000. Feeding behavior, habitat use, and abundance of the angelfish Holacanthus passer (Pomacanthidae) in the southern Sea of Cortez. Environmental Biology of Fishes 57: 435-442

Dayton, P.K., E. Sala, M.J. Tegner & S. Thrush. 2000. Marine Protected Areas: parks, baselines, and fishery enhancement. Bulletin of Marine Science 66: 617-634

Musick, J.A., M.M. Harbin, S.A. Berkeley, G.H Burgess, A.M. Eklund, L. Findley, R.G. Gilmore, J.T. Golden, D.S. Ha, G.R. Huntsman, J.C. McGovern, S.J. Parker, S.G. Poss, E. Sala, T.W. Schmidt, G.R. Sedberry, H. Weeks & S.G. Wright. 2000. Marine, estuarine, and diadromous fish stocks at risk of extinction in North America (Exclusive of Pacific salmonids). Fisheries 25: 6-30

Sala, E. 1999. Book Review: Marine protected areas and ocean conservation by T. Agardy. Coastal Management 27: 403-404

Sala, E., O. Aburto-Oropeza & J.L. Arreola-Robles. 1999. Observations of a probable hybrid angelfish of the genus Holacanthus from the Sea of Cortez, México. Pacific Science 53:181-184

Verlaque, M., E. Ballesteros, E. Sala & J. Garrabou. 1999. Cystoseira jabukae (Cystoseiraceae, Fucophyceae) from Corsica (Mediterranean) with notes on the previously misunderstood species C. funkii. Phycologia 38: 77-86

Ballesteros, E., E. Sala, J. Garrabou & M. Zabala. 1998. Community structure and frond size distribution of a deep water stand of Cystoseira spinosa (Phaeophyta) in the Northwestern Mediterranean. European Journal of Phycology 33: 121-128

Garrabou, J., E. Sala, A. Arcas & M. Zabala. 1998. The impact of diving on rocky sublittoral communities: a case study of a Mediterranean bryozoan population. Conservation Biology 12: 302-312

Rodriguez-Prieto, C., E. Sala, A. Clavell & L. Polo. 1998. Composition and structure of benthic algal communities on harbor environments: the port of Blanes. Collectanea Botanica 23:29-40 (in Spanish)

Sala, E., C.F. Boudouresque & M. Harmelin-Vivien. 1998a. Fishing, trophic cascades, and the structure of algal assemblages: evaluation of an old but untested paradigm. Oikos 82:425-439

Sala, E., M. Ribes, B. Hereu, M. Zabala, V. Alvà, R. Coma & J. Garrabou. 1998b. Temporal variability in patterns of abundance of the sea urchins Paracentrotus lividus and Arbacia lixula in the northwestern Mediterranean: a comparison between a marine reserve and an unprotected area. Marine Ecology Progress Series 168: 135-145