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FRANKS, PETER

Professor of Biological Oceanography

Degrees:

• B.S., Queens University, Canada
• M.S., Dalhousie University, Canada
• Ph.D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology-Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

Research Interests:

• Physical-biological coupling from microscale to mesoscale
• Analytical and numerical models of coupled physical-biological systems
• Phytoplankton production at fronts, internal waves, and in turbulence
• Red tides and harmful algal blooms

Courses Recently Taught:

• SIO 278: Seminar in Ocean Biosciences
• SIO278: Seminar in Ocean Biosciences
• SIO279: Sp Top/Biological Oceanography
• SIO280: Biological Oceanography
• SIO285: Physical-Biological Interactns

Honors and Awards:

• David Chapman Memorial Lecture (WHOI), 2008
• Limnology and Oceanography Outstanding Reviewer, 2007
• SIO Outstanding Teacher Award, 2005
• H. Burr Steinbach Visiting Scholar (WHOI), 2002

Mentoring:

• Briseno, Christian (Graduate; 2012-)
• Inman, Bryce (Graduate; 2011-)
• Snyder, Stephanie (Graduate; 2011-)
• de Verneil, Alain (Graduate; 2009-)
• Taniguchi, Darcy (Graduate; 2009-)
• Birch, Daniel (Post Doc; 2008-2008)
• Li, Qian (Post Doc; 2007-)
• Rippy, Megan (Graduate; 2007-)
• Lucas, Andrew (Graduate; 2006-2009)
• Fuchs, Heidi (Post Doc; 2005-2008)
• Omand, Melissa (Graduate; 2005-2011)
• Prairie, Jennifer (Graduate; 2004-2011)
• Karakoylu, Erdem (Graduate; 2003-2011)
• Poulin, Francis (Post Doc; 2003-2004)
• Mayali, Xavier (Graduate; 2001-2007)
• Pringle, Jamie (Post Doc; 1998-2000)
• Shankle, Amy (Graduate; 1996-2001)
• Lennert-Cody, Cleridy (Graduate; 1995-1999)
• Storms, Wendy (Graduate; 1995-2000)
• Rumsey, Scott (Graduate; 1994-1999)
• Tanaka, Yuji (Post Doc; 1994-1995)
• Leising, Andrew (Graduate; 1993-1999)
• , (Graduate; -)

Karakoylu, E.M. and P.J.S. Franks. 2012. Reassessment of copepod grazing impact based on continuous time series of in vivo gut fluorescence from individual copepods. Journal of Plankton Research 34:55-71.

Roberts, P.L.D., J.V. Steinbuck, J.S. Jaffe, A.R. Horner-Devine, P.J.S. Franks and F. Simoneit. 2011. Estimation of in situ 3-D particle distributions from a stereo laser imaging profiler. IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering 36:586-601.

Abbriano, R.M., M.M. Carranza, S.L. Hogle, R.A. Levin, A.N. Netburn, K.L. Seto, S.M. Snyder and P.J.S. Franks. 2011. Deepwater Horizon oil spill: a review of the planktonic response. Oceanography 24:294-301.

Prairie, J.C., P.J.S. Franks, J.S. Jaffe, M.J. Doubell and H. Yamazaki. 2011. Physical and biological controls of vertical gradients in phytoplankton. Limnology and Oceanography Fluids and Environments 1:75-90.

Lucas, A.J., C.L. Dupont, V. Tai, J.L. Largier, B. Palenik and P.J.S. Franks. 2011. The green ribbon: Multiscale physical control of phytoplankton productivity and community structure over a narrow continental shelf. Limnology and Oceanography 56:611-626.

Lucas, A.J., P.J.S. Franks and C.L. Dupont. 2011. Horizontal fluxes driven by the internal tide support elevated phytoplankton productivity over the inner continental shelf. Limnology and Oceanography Fluids and Environments 1:56-74.

Omand, M.M., J.J. Leichter, P.J.S. Franks, R.T. Guza, A.J. Lucas and F. Feddersen. 2011. Physical and biological processes underlying the sudden surface appearance of a red tide in the nearshore. Limnology and Oceanography 56:787-801.

Hull, P.M., P.J.S. Franks and R.D. Norris. 2011. Mechanisms and models of iridium anomaly shape across the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 301:98-106.

Mayali, X., P.J.S. Franks and R.S. Burton. 2011. Temporal attachment dynamics by distinct bacterial taxa during a dinoflagellate bloom. 2011. Aquatic Microbial Ecology 63:111-122.

Li, Q.P., P.J.S. Franks and M.R. Landry. 2011. Microzooplankton grazing dynamics: parameterizing grazing models with dilution experiment data from the California Current Ecosystem. Marine Ecology Progress Series 428:59-69.

Li, Q.P., P.J.S. Franks, M.R. Landry, R. Goericke and A.G. Taylor. 2010. Modeling phytoplankton growth rates and chlorophyll to carbon ratios in California coastal and pelagic ecosystems. J. Geophys. Res. 115: Art. No. G04003.

Fuchs, H.L. and P.J.S. Franks. 2010. Plankton community properties determined by nutrients and size-selective grazing. Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. 413:1-15.

Poulin, F.J. and P.J.S. Franks. 2010. Size-structured planktonic ecosystems: constraints, controls and assembly instructions. J. Plankton Res. 32:1121-1130.

Steinbuck, J.V., P.L.D. Roberts, C.D. Troy, A.R. Horner-Devine, F. Simoneit, A.H. Uhlman, J.S. Jaffe, S.G. Monismith and P.J.S. Franks. 2010. An autonomous open-ocean stereoscopic PIV profiler. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 27:1362-1380.

Franks, P.J.S. 2009. Planktonic ecosystem models: perplexing parameterizations and a failure to fail. J. Plankton Res. 31:1299-1306.

Prairie, J.C., P.J.S. Franks and J.S. Jaffe. 2010. Cryptic peaks: Invisible vertical structure in fluorescent particles revealed using a planar laser imaging fluorometer. Limnol. Oceanogr. 55:1943-1958.

Di Lorenzo, E., J. Fiechter, N. Schneider, A. Bracco, A.J. Miller, P.J.S. Franks, S.J. Bograd, A.M. Moore, A.C. Thomas, W. Crawford, A. Peña and A.J. Hermann. 2009. Nutrient and salinity decadal variations in the central and eastern North Pacific. Geophys. Res. Lett. 36: Art. No. L144601.

Omand, M.M., F. Feddersen, D.B. Clark, P.J.S. Franks, J.J. Leichter and R.T. Guza. 2009. Influence of bubbles and sand on chlorophyll-a fluorescence measurements in the surfzone. Limnology and Oceanography-Methods 7:354-362.

Franks, P.J.S. and S.E.R. Franks. 2009. Mix it up, Mix it down: intriguing implications of ocean layering. Oceanography 22:228-233.

Wallhead, P.J., A.P. Martin, M.A. Srokosz and P.J.S. Franks. 2009. Skill assessment via cross-validation and Monte Carlo simulation: An application to Georges Bank plankton models. J. Mar. Sys. 76SI:134-150.

Karakoylu, E.M., P.J.S. Franks, Y. Tanaka, P.L.D. Roberts amd J.S. Jaffe. 2009. Copepod feeding quantified by planar laser imaging of gut fluorescence. Limnology and Oceanography-Methods 7:33-41

Birch, D.A., W.R. Young and P.J.S. Franks. 2009. Plankton layer profiles as determined by shearing, sinking and swimming. Limnology and Oceanography 54:397-399

Mayali, X., P.J.S. Franks, Y. Tanaka and F. Azam. 2008. Bacteria-induced motility reduction in Lingulodinium polyedrum (Dinophyceae). Journal of Phycology 44:923-928.

Mayali, X., P.J.S. Franks and F. Azam. 2008. Cultivation and ecosystem role of marine Roseobacterclade-affiliated bacterium. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 74:2595-2603.

Di Lorenzo, E., N. Schneider, K.M. Cobb, P.J.S. Franks, K. Chhak, A.J. Miller, J.C. McWilliams, S.J. Bograd, H. Arango, E. Curchister, T.N. Powell and P. Rivere. 2008. North Pacific Gyre Oscillation link ocean climate and ecosystem change. Geophysical Research Letters 35: Art. No. L08607

Birch, D.A., W.R. Young and P.J.S. Franks. 2008. Thin layers of plankton: formation by shear and death by diffusion. Deep-Sea Research I 55:277-295.

Tanaka, Y. and P.J.S. Franks. 2008. Vertical distribution of Japanese sardine (Sardinops melanostictus) eggs: comparison of observations and a wind-forced Lagrangian mixing model. Fisheries Oceanography 17:89-100.

Franks, P.J.S. and J.S. Jaffe. 2008. Microscale variability in the distributions of large fluorescent particles observed in situ with a planar laser imaging fluorometer. Journal of Marine Systems 69:254-270.

Franks, P.J.S. 2007. Physics and physical modeling of Harmful Algal Blooms. Chapter 7 In, “HABWatch: Real-Time Coastal Observing Systems for Ecosystem Dynamics and Harmful Algal Blooms,” M. Babin, C. Roesler and J. Cullen (eds.) Publisher: UNESCO.

Mayali, X, P.J.S. Franks and F. Azam. 2007. Bacterial induction of temporary cyst formation by the dinoflagellate Lingulodinium polyedrum. Aquatic Microbial Ecology 50:51-62.

Ji, R. and P.J.S. Franks. 2007. Vertical migration of dinoflagellates: model analysis of strategies, growth, and vertical distribution patterns. Marine-Ecology Progress Series 344:49-61.

Ji, R., C. Chen, P.J.S. Franks, D.W. Townsend, E.G. Durbin, R.C. Beardsley, R.G. Lough and R.W. Houghton. 2006. The impact of Scotian Shelf Water “cross-over” on the plankton dynamics on Georges Bank: A 3-D experiment for the 1999 spring bloom. Deep-Sea Research II 53:2684-2707.

Ji, R., C. Chen, P.J.S. Franks, D.W. Townsend, E.G. Durbin, R.C. Beardsley, R.G. Lough and R.W. Houghton. 2006. Spring phytoplankton bloom and associated lower trophic level food web dynamics on Georges Bank: 1-D and 2-D model studies. Deep-Sea Research II 53:2656-2683.

Franks, P.J.S. 2005. Plankton patchiness, turbulent transport and spatial spectra. Marine-Ecology Progress Series 294:295-309.

Genin, A., J.S. Jaffe, R. Reef, C. Richter and P.J.S. Franks. 2005. Swimming against the flow: A mechanism of zooplankton aggregation. Science 308:860-862.

Runge, J., P.J.S. Franks, W.C. Gentleman, B.A. Megrey, K.A. Rose, F.E. Werner and B. Zakardjian. 2005. Diagnosis and prediction of variability in secondary production and fish recruitment processes: developments in physical-biological modeling. Chapter 14 In, “The Sea Vol. 13 – Global Coastal Ocean: Multi-Scale Interdisciplinary Processes,” A.R. Robinson and K.H. Brink (eds.)

Shankle, A.M., X. Mayali and P.J.S. Franks. 2004. Temporal patterns in population genetic diversity of Prorocentrum micans (Dinophyceae). Journal of Phycology 40:239-247.

Franks, P.J.S. 2003. A century of phytoplankton research at Scripps. Oceanography 16:60-66.

Chen, C.S., R.C. Beardsley, P.J.S. Franks and J. Van Keuren. 2003. Influence of diurnal heating on stratification and residual circulation of Georges Bank. Journal of Geophysical Research 108: article number 8008 (21 pp).

Franks, P.J.S. and B.A. Keafer. Sampling techniques and strategies for coastal phytoplankton blooms. Chapter 2 In, “Manual on Harmful Marine Microalgae”, G.M. Hallegraeff, D.M. Anderson and A.D. Cembella (eds.)

Chen, C.S., J.R. Zhu, R.C. Beardsley and P.J.S. Franks. 2003. Physical-biological sources for dense algal blooms near the Changjiang River. Geophysical Research Letters 30: article number 1515 (4 pp.)

Chen, C.S., Q. Xu, R.C. Beardsley and P.J.S. Franks. 2003. Model study of the cross-frontal water exchange on Georges Bank: a three-dimensional Lagrangian experiment. Journal of Geophysical Research 108: article number 3142 (21 pp).

Leising, A.W. and P.J.S. Franks. 2002. Does Acartia clausi (Copepoda: Calanoida) use an area-restricted search foraging strategy to find food? Hydrobiologia 480:193-207.

Franks, P.J.S. 2002. NPZ models of plankton dynamics: Their construction, coupling to physics, and application. Journal of Oceanography 58:379-387.

Shankle, A.M., R. Goericke, P.J.S. Franks and L.A. Levin. 2002. Chlorin distribution and degradation in sediments within and below the Arabian Sea oxygen minimum zone. Deep-Sea Research I 49:953-969.

Lennert-Cody, C.E. and P.J.S. Franks. 2002. Fluorescence patches in high-frequency internal waves. Marine Ecology Progress Series 235:29-42.

Cullen, J.J., P.J.S. Franks, D.M. Karl and A. Longhurst. 2002. Physical Influences on Marine Ecosystem Dynamics. In, “The Sea Vol. 12 – Biological-Physical Interactions in the Ocean,” A.R. Robinson, J.J. McCarthy and B.J. Rothschild (eds.) Pages 297-336.

Chen, C., R.C. Beardsley and P.J.S. Franks. 2001. A 3-D prognostic numerical model study of the Georges Bank ecosystem. Part I: Physical model. Deep-Sea Research II 48:419-456.

Franks, P.J.S. and C. Chen. 2001. A 3-D prognostic numerical model study of the Georges Bank ecosystem. Part II: Biological-physical model. Deep-Sea Research II 48:457-482.

Franks, P.J.S. and J.S. Jaffe. 2001. Microscale distributions of phytoplankton: initial results from a two-dimensional imaging fluorometer, OSST. Marine Ecology Progress Series 220:59-72.

Franks, P.J.S. 2001. Phytoplankton blooms in a fluctuating environment: the roles of plankton response time scales and grazing. Journal of Plankton Research 23:1433-1441.

Franks, P.J.S. 2001. Turbulence avoidance: an alternate explanation of turbulence-enhanced ingestion rates in the field. Limnology and Oceanography 46:959-963.

Pringle, J.M. and P.J.S. Franks. 2001. Asymmetric mixing transport: a horizontal transport mechanism for sinking plankton and sediment in tidal flows. Limnology and Oceanography 46: 381-391.

Leising, A.W. and P.J.S. Franks. 2000. Copepod vertical distribution within a spatially variable food source: a simple foraging strategy model. Journal of Plankton Research 22:999-1024.

Leising, A.W. and P.J.S. Franks. 2000. Reply to Buckley et al. “Comment: Larval Atlantic cod and haddock growth models, metabolism, ingestion, and temperature effects”. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 57: 1961-1963.

Leising, A.W. and P.J.S. Franks. 1999. Larval Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) growth on Georges Bank: a model with temperature, prey size and turbulence forcing. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 56:25-36.

Rumsey, S.M. and P.J.S. Franks. 1999. Influence of variability in larval development on recruitment success in the euphausiid Euphausia pacifica: Elasticity and sensitivity analyses. Marine Biology 133:283-291.

Lennert-Cody, C.E. and P.J.S. Franks. 1999. Plankton patchiness in high-frequency internal waves. Marine Ecology Progress Series 186:59-66.

Jaffe, J.S., P.J.S. Franks and A.W. Leising. 1998. Simultaneous imaging of phytoplankton and zooplankton distributions. Oceanography 11:24-29.

Franks, P.J.S. 1997. New models for the exploration of biological processes at fronts. ICES Journal of Marine Science 54:161-167.

Franks, P.J.S. 1997. Spatial patterns in dense algal blooms. Limnology and Oceanography 42:1297-3105.

Franks, P.J.S. and L.J. Walstad. 1997. Phytoplankton patches at fronts: a model of formation and response to wind events. Journal of Marine Research 55:1-29.

Franks, P.J.S. 1997. Coupled physical-biological models for the study of harmful algal blooms. Ocean Research 19:153-160.

Franks, P.J.S. 1997. Models of harmful algal blooms. Limnology and Oceanography 42:1273-1282.

Franks, P.J.S. and C. Chen. 1996. Plankton production in tidal fronts: a model of Georges Bank in summer. Journal of Marine Research 54:631-651.

Franks, P.J.S. 1995. Thin layers of phytoplankton: a model of formation by near-inertial wave shear. Deep-Sea Research I 42:75-91

Franks, P.J.S. 1995. Coupled physical-biological models in oceanography. Reviews of Geophysics Supplement July:1177-1187

Hayward, T., D.R. Cayan, P.J.S. Franks, R.J. Lynn, R.W. Mantyla, J.A. McGowan, P.E. Smith, F.B. Schwing and E.L. Venrick. 1995. The state of the California Current 1994-1995: a period of transition. CalCOFI Rept. 36.

Franks, P.J.S. 1995. Sampling techniques and strategies for coastal phytoplankton blooms. In, "Manual on Harmful Marine Microalgae," G.M. Hallegraeff, D.M. Anderson and A.D. Cembella (eds.) IOC Manuals and Guides no. 33. UNESCO Press, Paris. Pgs. 25-43.

Franks, P.J.S. and J. Marra. 1994. A simple new formulation for phytoplankton photoresponse and an application in a wind-driven mixed-layer model. Marine Ecology Progress Series 111:143-153

Neuer, S. and Franks, P.J.S. 1993. Determination of ammonium uptake and regeneration rates using the seawater dilution method. Marine Biology 116:497-505.

Franks, P.J.S. and D.M. Anderson. 1992. Alongshore transport of a toxic phytoplankton bloom in a buoyancy current: Alexandrium tamarense in the Gulf of Maine. Marine Biology 112:153-164

Franks, P.J.S. and D.M. Anderson. 1992. Toxic phytoplankton blooms in the southwestern Gulf of Maine: testing hypotheses of physical control using historical data. Marine Biology 112:165-174

Franks, P.J.S. 1992. Phytoplankton blooms at fronts: patterns, scales and physical forcing mechanisms. Reviews in Aquatic Sciences 6:121-137.

Franks, P.J.S. 1992. Sink or swim: accumulation of biomass at fronts. Marine Ecology Progress Series 82:1-12.

Davis, C.S., G.R. Flierl, P.H. Wiebe and P.J.S. Franks. 1991. Patchiness, turbulence and recruitment in marine plankton. Journal of Marine Research 49:109-151

Franks, P.J.S. and D.M. Anderson. 1989. Sampling coastal dinoflagellate blooms: equipment, strategies and data processing. In, "Biology, Epidemiology and Management of Pyrodinium bahamense Red Tides," G. Hallegraeff and J.L. Mclean, eds. Pgs. 235-254

Franks, P.J.S., D.M. Anderson and B.A. Keafer. 1988. Fronts, upwelling and coastal circulation: Spatial heterogeneity of Ceratium in the Gulf of Maine. In, "Red Tides," T. Okaichi, T. Nemoto and D.M. Anderson, eds. Elsevier. Pgs. 153-156

Van Dover, C.L., P.J.S. Franks and R.D. Ballard. 1987. Prediction of hydrothermal vent locations from distributions of brachyuran crabs. Limnology and Oceanography 32:1006-1010

Franks, P.J.S., J.S. Wroblewski and G.R. Flierl. 1986. Prediction of phytoplankton growth in response to the frictional decay of a warm-core ring. Journal of Geophysical Research 91C:7603-7610.

Franks, P.J.S., J.S. Wroblewski and G.R. Flierl. 1986. Behavior of a simple plankton model with food-level acclimation by herbivores. Marine Biology 91:121-129.